Friday, August 21, 2020

Leaves a lot to be desired Free Essays

string(61) can step in then I get in the stockroom and work with them. Charleston, South Carolina zone. Be that as it may, barring the entirety of its blames, my checks have never been late and I still can't seem to be laid off, which lay-offs are normal in the DoD world. V. We will compose a custom paper test on Leaves a ton to be wanted or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now T. Malcolm †Leaves a great deal to be wanted I work for V. T. Malcolm, we are a Department of Defense contractual worker out of Charleston, SC. Our principle corporate office is in Chesapeake, VA, we additionally have workplaces in CA and FL. Our fundamental forte is interchanges. There is a Joke at Malcolm, â€Å"that for an innovation driven Communication Company our between organization correspondence is out of date, best case scenario. † My supposed ascent in the organization I have worked there for a long time and every one of the four years I have had â€Å"supply expert 2† as my official title. Titles don't mean much at Malcolm. In those four years I have held the places of; dispatching and getting agent, warehouseman, forklift administrator, forklift mentor, security official, instrument room representative, device room chief, stock authority, building upkeep, distribution center boss, creation director, government device pro. My pace of pay has expanded a sensational seventy three pennies from my beginning date. There are no rewards for non-administrative staff. On the off chance that my valuation is adequate and the moon is in the correct circle I have been fortunate enough to get a Cost Of Living Adjustment of a quarter for my yearly raise. Other than that we get no different upgrades in pay or impetuses for our work. It has been composed on various occasions in messages and said in gatherings to â€Å"be finished with your work and you will be remunerated with more work†. This has been disclosed that you have to accomplish you fill in as soon and on a par with conceivable and your â€Å"reward† for this difficult work will be more work. Which means on the off chance that they feel that you are not up to speed or quality on your organization there is a chance you could be furloughed. At V. T. Malcolm they don't terminate laborers, however they do leave of absence. The thought being behind this is in the event that you are terminated you can gather joblessness very quickly, which Malcolm needs to pay into, in any case in the event that you are furloughed there is a multi week holding up period (trusting that they get back to you to work) established by the joblessness office before you can start gathering joblessness. During this time Malcolm figures you can't go that long without a check, so they are trusting you will secure another Position so they don't need to pay any extra towards your joblessness check. These are Just a couple of manners by which they believe they inspire laborers to work. A fragment of the executives style Now when I originally began at Malcolm they would do a â€Å"all-hands† meeting around each six to multi week in which the head supervisor would fundamentally give us a â€Å"state of the company’ update and finish it with a flame broiled cheeseburger and franks lunch with a few sides and a beverage. About 18 months back we had a steak lunch with heated potatoes and all the dressings. Beginning seven days after the fact we had a gigantic cutback of around half of our working power. Since that point we had one lunch meeting in which we were, for absence of a superior term, told that we are doing k however things are turning upward. That was more than a half year back and things are not looking incredible. There is a huge agreement that is going to show dry as far as possible of the year on the off chance that we don't get substitution contract there will be a cutback in that division. In the office that I am at present in we have roughly six agreements right now grinding away. Anyway three of them are not enormous and don't keep going for in excess of a couple of months. One is in the first place stage and is dependent upon a great deal of things happening t the start and from what I comprehend we are battling to keep up to the cutoff times. One is going full bore and it is likewise battling to keep up. What's more, the last one is the one I am on, it is booked to end September 30th of this current year. As we sit right now it is notable that we won't have the option to finish it effectively before the finish of agreement. There is as of now sitting a likelihood that the agreement could be expanded on the off chance that we can show that we can accomplish the work and comply with the time constraints, yet now with the measure of work left to do and the measure of representatives at present doled out to the agreement it will be probably not going to occur. Singular Management Style I have given all of you this data to give you a thought of what it resembles where I work. Presently the board insightful, I will start with myself, and reveal to you how I work with my representatives. I am the prompt boss for four workers right now. I as of late had one move to an alternate undertaking and the other left the organization for a superior Job. I have a worker who is degreed yet is as of now working at a low end worker Job go for a meeting on Friday for a place that is inside her zone of study. So there is an unmistakable chance soon to have just three representatives which will make it intriguing n finishing this agreement effectively. I attempt to be a very people orientated administrator. I have an open entryway strategy with my representatives and support discourse stream the two different ways. I need to realize when something is working and when something isn't working. I inquire as to whether they need anything from me, if there is something I could do or get for them to make their Jobs simpler. On the off chance that the time is accessible for me and the laborers are at one point where I can step in then I get in the distribution center and work with them. You read Leaves a great deal to be wanted in classification Papers On Fridays I get doughnuts in the first part of the day, knowing which explicit ones representatives like and attempt to have them accessible. I do what I can do to have a decent working relationship with the representatives. I have had individual one on one gatherings with the workers to become acquainted with them better and disclose to them a little about myself. I attempted to discover what their feelings of dread at work are and what they feel about the work they are doing, what I can do to support them, and what spurs them. At the point when I get messages with respect to them or that worry them in any capacity I make it a point to either post the email or if nothing else go to the ones in question and let them know precisely information exchanged so there is finished open discourse. Presently if there is something negative happening guarding one of my workers from higher up the chain of command and I am made mindful of it, contingent upon the circumstance I may make the representative in any event incompletely mindful of what's going on (I would need to know whether the jobs were switched, and attempt to remember that). Gathering Management Style Unfortunately this sort of cooperation among chiefs and workers stops with me. My quick director presently can't seem to go to my distribution center and keep an eye on me and the creation rate since I took over from Just being a stockroom chief to both the stockroom supervisor and creation administrator which has been somewhat over an onto. At the point when I go to his office for help or direction I get short revile filled answers, when he is there, or get told how bustling he is and that he couldn’t conceivably do (whatever it is I ask of him) presently yet perhaps later in the week he may get an opportunity, he will hit me up. Which doesn’t happen I as a rule need to find the solution else wards or make it up myself. This is the reaction I get from the undertaking chief also (for him it is typically by email for he is difficult to situate face to face). I as of late sent an email to the undertaking director separating all the assignments we have until the finish of the agreement (September 30th) according to time it will take to destroy them worker hours and material required and contrasted that with the representatives I have available to me, their measure of worker hours left till the finish of the agreement and requested a particular number of more workers to have the option to finish this Job effectively by the end date. He at that point didn't address the email I sent him yet conveyed a division wide email asking what assets we have to finish the jobs needing to be done and gave a sooner shutting date. I at that point balanced my numbers and sent him back a mail requesting the alteration, Justifying the motivation behind why and joined the past email to the one that was conveyed for all to see with the expectations that some positive attitude happen to it. In a later email that I was creep on he quickly referenced that he is mentioning extra assistance in regions required however we have to endeavor to finish this agreement with what we have since that is the undertaking that we were initially given and at this late stage the â€Å"Calvary’ may not show up in time. Yet, toward the finish of each email he composes â€Å"motivate your kin to be finished with the work that they have and they will be remunerated with more work†. I compare that to advising somebody in imprisonment to each your slop (despite the fact that the mutts won't eat it) and we will give you more. From my point of view on an upward pattern this is the place the administration aptitudes end and dangers and terrorizing starts. At that point the division head consistently has an awful mentality and is in a rush to be heading off to some place. I have attempted to have discussions with this man and it generally finishes with him revealing to me we are chipping away at getting more agreements however right now he’s not by any means sure on the off chance that he will have a Job come tomorrow. That is the exact opposite thing you need to tell your representatives!! Next as a senior supervisor for the Charleston division’s level this man is increasingly worried about the style of the spot then how the spot is really running. We might not have working toilets (genuine story) however he was vexed that our garden administration was a day behind on cutting the grass. When the cooling was out in the structure other than the one he works in there was a multi day delay in getting it fixed because of cost? Be that as it may, when it went out in his structure and the part was going to take two days to get

Tuesday, August 4, 2020

The Land of Opportunities COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

The Land of Opportunities COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Any given week at SIPA is a special week. From government leaders to NGO managers and social entrepreneurs, our beloved building is bustling with fascinating talks and events lead by some of the most talented people out there. Ideas ran across the hallways, bringing students together to do research on projects going from extractive industries in Peru, to water and sanitation services in rural Ethiopia or micro-finance in Northeastern Brazil. The most amazing part of this reality is that the vast majority of these initiatives are student led. SIPA is a place where you can thrive and do what you have always wanted to. If you have good ideas, good teammates and commitment, the school has the structure to make it happen. Faculty members are available to provide guidance and advice on research projects; the different student associations are there to support all sorts of field trips and events; and the overall environment at the school is incredibly stimulating. Just this semester I have had the opportunity to take part on small discussion sessions with some of Latin America’s leading policy-makers including Sergio Fajardo, Antioquia’s current Governor; Alejandro Poiré, Mexico’s current Government Secretary; and Karen Poniachik, former Chilean Minister of Mining. And because the day can only have 24 hours I have had to miss events such as a talk with the President of the Republic of Liberia, the presentation of the World Bank 2013 World Development Report, and several film screenings, photo exhibits and workshops. With this exhilarating offer of events, something that you will be missing here is some extra time to fit more of these opportunities in your agenda. SIPA is a fast moving, intellectually challenging place with an international, public and cultural offer that will not let you down. There are also the endless concerts, exhibitions and bars in New York City; prepare yourself for some busy days in this wonderful island! So, for those of you who will be joining us in January, get some rest and be ready to take advantage of the amazing two years to come. Those of you currently preparing your application for fall 2013, hang in there, it will be worth it. Blog post submitted by Mariana Costa Checa.   Mariana is a second year student in the MPA in Development Practice program at SIPA.

Monday, June 22, 2020

Congrats, #Oklaed Edublog Awards Finalists!

posted on December 7, 2015 I am so proud of our #oklaed blogging crew and honored to be a part of it! Several of us have been nominated for this year’s Edublog Awards, and have made the cut to the finalists list, including yours truly. The Edublog Awards are a prestigious global contest established in 2004 to celebrate â€Å"the best of the web in education,† according to The Edublog Awards. The Edublog Awards is a community based incentive started in 2004 in response to community concerns relating to how schools, districts and educational institutions were blocking access of learner and teacher blog sites for educational purposes. The purpose of the Edublog awards is promote and demonstrate the educational values of these social media. Sites must be nominated (self-nominations do not make the cut to become finalists) during a period of time in November. Then judges vet each entry in order to produce a short list of finalists. Anyone can then vote for their favorite entries until 10:59 p.m. CST December 16. Go vote! Now, if you’d like to see an #oklaed blogger win in the following categories, it’s time to vote! Just click the button below and select the entries from the drop down list in each category. You may vote in  as many categories as you’d like once per day. You can also return to the the finalists announcement for more information on how to vote  and how finalists were selected. Here is a list of our awesome #oklaed bloggers and they categories in which they are finalists. #oklaed bloggers to boost Best New Blog This Teacher Sings Mindy Dennison is a music teacher who has taken the #Oklaed blogosphere by storm this year. Best Ed Tech/Resource Sharing ELAOK Teachers Our #ELAOK fearless leader Josh Flores started this website to help secondary English teachers stay informed and collaborate with one another. Mrs. Waters’ English This is me! I started this blog three years ago to share my teaching journey and resources with my fellow English teachers. Best Teacher Blog Jenn Will Teach Jenn is an 11th grade AP English teacher whose goal is to advocate for education, which she often does with a side of well-placed sarcasm and wit. Mrs. Waters’ English Me again! It is my goal to encourage and support new English teachers, and share the wisdom of our veterans as we work to engage and educate our middle and high school students. Best Administrator Blog OK Education Truths Mid-Del Superintendent Rick Cobb commented on education realities and politics  anonymously for almost three years before revealing his identity in January of this year. View From The Edge Rob Miller, now Assistant Superintendent at Sand Springs, has fearlessly lead the charge of #oklaed  bloggers since 2013. Best Individual  Blog OK Education Truths He began as an anonymous blogger who spoke truth to those in power, and today continues to serve as a much-needed advocate for Oklahoma public education. If you’re a finalist, go grab your Edublog Awards Finalist category badge(s), and link it to the page where your fans can vote for you! Note:  If there are any #oklaed bloggers I have missed, please let me know, and I’ll vote for them, and add them to our list. Please share this post so we can support our #oklaed bloggers! Before you leave this page: Go vote! Michelle WatersI am a secondary English Language Arts teacher, a University of Oklahoma student working on my Master’s of Education in Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum with an concentration in English Education, and a NBPTS candidate. I am constantly seeking ways to amplify my students’ voices and choices.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Burmese Python Snake Facts

The Burmese python (Python bivittatus) is the third-largest species of snake in the world. Although native to tropical southern Asia, the beautifully patterned, docile snakes are popular throughout the world as pets. Fast Facts: Burmese Python Scientific Name: Python bivittatusCommon Name: Burmese pythonBasic Animal Group: ReptileSize: 12 feetWeight: 15-165 poundsDiet: CarnivoreLifespan: 20 yearsHabitat: Tropical rainforests of southern Asia; invasive in FloridaPopulation: Unknown; rare in the wildConservation Status: Vulnerable Description The wild form of the snake has black-bordered brown blotches on a lighter brown background. Captive-bred species come in other colors and patterns, including albino, green, labyrinth, and granite morphs. Albino Burmese Python. Stuart Dee / Getty Images Wild pythons average 3.7 m (12.2 ft), but specimens exceeding 4 m (13 ft) are not uncommon. Rarely, snakes attain lengths between 5 and 6 meters in length. Females are slightly larger than males, but much thicker and heavier. Recorded weights of mature females range from 14 to 75 kg (30 to 165 lb), while weights of males range from 7 to 15 kg (15 to 33 lb). Dwarf forms of the snake occur in some parts of its range and in captivity. Habitat and Distribution Burmese pythons live in tropical regions of southern Asia, always near a permanent source of water. While they are excellent climbers with prehensile tails, they may be found in grasslands and marshes as well as woodlands and jungles. The species is invasive in the southeastern United States. Burmese python range in Asia. Termininja   Diet Like other terrestrial snakes, burmese pythons are carnivores that feed mainly on mammals and birds. The snake is a constrictor that captures and kills prey by biting it and holding it with its rear-pointing teeth, wrapping its coils around prey, contracting its muscles, and suffocating the animal. Prey size depends on snake size. A young python may eat rodents, while a mature specimen can take livestock, adult deer, and alligators. Burmese pythons dont hunt humans, but they have caused some deaths. Burmese pythons adapt their physiology to prey availability. The snakes are opportunistic and will eat whenever prey is offered. Obesity is common in captive specimens. When fasting, the snake has a normal heart volume, reduced stomach volume and acidity, and reduced intestinal mass. Once prey is ingested, the ventricle of the snakes heart increases 40% in mass to aid digestion, its intestines gain mass, and its stomach enlarges and produces more acid. The Burmese python is an apex predator that doesnt face many threats by other animals. Hatchlings may be preyed upon by birds of prey and other carnivores. In Florida, Burmese pythons, depending on their size, may be preyed upon by alligators and crocodiles. Behavior Burmese pythons are primarily nocturnal. Younger, smaller snakes are equally comfortable in trees or on the ground, while larger, more massive snakes prefer the rainforest floor. Most of the snakes time is spent hidden in underbrush. The snakes can stay underwater up to 30 minutes and are excellent swimmers. In cold weather, the snake may brumate in a tree. Brumation is a period of motionlessness and low metabolism, but it isnt the same as true hibernation. Reproduction and Offspring Mating occurs in early spring. Females lay clutch of 12 to 36 eggs in March or April. They incubate the eggs until they hatch by wrapping around them and twitching their muscles to release heat. The female leaves the eggs once they hatch. A hatchling uses its egg tooth to break free of its shell and may remain with the egg until after molting before venturing out to hunt. Burmese pythons live about 20 years. There is evidence Burmese pythons, unlike most reptiles, can reproduce asexually via parthenogenesis. One captive female, isolated from males, produced viable eggs for five years. A genetic analysis confirmed the offspring were genetically identical to their mother. Conservation Status The IUCN lists the Burmese python as vulnerable within its range. All of the large pythons face challenges because they are killed to make leather, used in folk medicine, eaten as food, and captured for the pet trade. To a lesser extent, habitat destruction affects the snakes, too. While the Burmese python occupies a large range, its population has continued to decline. Invasive Species in Florida Meanwhile, the snakes population growth in Florida poses a significant threat to other wildlife. The Burmese python gained a foothold in the United States when Hurricane Andrew destroyed a python breeding facility in 1992. The escaped snakes spread into the Everglades. The release or escape of pet snakes has contributed to the problem. As of 2007, Burmese pythons were found in Mississippi and throughout much of Florida. Where the snakes are well-established, populations of foxes, rabbits, raccoons, opossums, white-tailed deer, panthers, coyotes, and birds are seriously depressed or have disappeared. Pythons compete with the American alligator and also prey upon it. Pets and livestock in affected regions are at risk, as well. Florida sponsors hunting contests; regulates the importation, breeding, and sale of reptiles; and works to raise public awareness of invasive species. However, Burmese pythons remain a problem in the southeastern United States. Sources Campden-Main SM.  A Field Guide to the Snakes of South Vietnam. Washington, District of Columbia. pp. 8-9, 1970.Mazzotti, F. J., Rochford, M., Vinci, J., Jeffery, B. M., Eckles, J. K., Dove, C., Sommers, K. P. Implications of the 2013 Python Challenge ® for Ecology and Management of Python molorus bivittatus (Burmese python) in Florida.  Southeastern Naturalist,  15(sp8), 63-74, 2016.Stuart, B.; Nguyen, T.Q.; Thy, N.; Grismer, L.; Chan-Ard, T.; Iskandar, D.; Golynsky, E. Lau, M.W.N. Python bivittatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2012: e.T193451A2237271. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T193451A2237271.enWalters, T. M., Mazzotti, F. J., Fitz, H. C. Habitat Selection by the Invasive Species Burmese Python in Southern Florida.  Journal of Herpetology,  50(1), 50-56, 2016.Van Mierop, LHS and S.M. Barnard. Observations on the reproduction of Python molurus bivittatus (Reptilia, Serpentes, Boidae). Journal of Herpetology. 10: 333–340, 1976. doi:10.23 07/1563071

Monday, May 18, 2020

The Effects Of Mexican Immigrant Families On The Mexican...

People demonstrate their culture through symbols, attitudes, behaviors, ideas, and values (Brown, Rogers Kapadia, 2008). Cultural factors are believed to be the largest contributor to long-term marriages in the Mexican culture such, as Familismo, Marianismo, Machismo, and Religion (Castillo Caver, 2009). A generally belief is that the highest levels of family cohesion and Familismo are presented in the most recently immigrated groups and that these levels neutralize as the families become more acculturated. Mexican immigrant families have a great emphasis on family reasonability, respect, and support. These desires are interrelated with family unity and connection (Hardway Fuligin, 2006). High patterns of Immigration are presented in the Gonzalez-Elizarraras Genogram (refer to Appendix A), in pursue for a better life for their family and educational opportunities for their children, and to avoid poverty and danger. Family cohesion is evident in the Elizarraras family due close pro ximity of residency, most immigrated to Anaheim, CA. Mexican culture is known for the unified nature of the family. The term â€Å"Familismo† refers to the emphasis on family rather than the individual. The emphasis is on family responsibility to care for one another, loyalty, interdependence, and cohesiveness (Sam Berry, 2010). Familismo has been identified as important among Latino populations. The roles of the parents in Mexican culture are generally well defined, with the father acting asShow MoreRelatedImmigration, The Land Of Opportunity For People1478 Words   |  6 PagesOver hundreds of years, immigration has shaped America into who she is today. July 4, 1776, was the day immigrants first stepped onto North American soil and claimed the land as theirs. The impact of migration on a country this big can’t be ignored, especially because the people coming to live in America are usually from Third World countries and are looking for employment and to be shown a better way a life. Like anything else, there are both huge pros and cons to Third World immigration. OnceRead MoreBecoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, And Identity1553 Words   |  7 PagesBecoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, and Identity in Chicano Los Angeles, 1900-1945 The immigration story of the United States includes groups of individuals from many different countries, one such group was that of the U.S.’s southern neighbor Mexico. In the book, Becoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, and Identity in Chicano Los Angeles, 1900-1945, George J. Sà ¡nchez writes about the Mexican immigrants’ experience migrating to California and settling there, particularly in theRead MoreMexican Culture Of The United States1262 Words   |  6 Pagesdesires, and to tell stories. Mexican Americans have used music for decades to represent and honor their Mexican roots and patriotism, but to also express their struggles in the United States. It’s a pleasant combination of pride, struggle, and the journey of a relatable pain. Stories that are always told with Regional Mexican music are that of â€Å"mojados† (wetbacks), undocumented immigrants, deportation, government corruption and drug cartels. One of the most famous Mexican bands to date is Los TigresRead MoreImmigration Act Of 1965 And The Immigration Reform Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesUnited States of America is that the nation is one made up of immigrants, it is a basic building block that can not be overlooked, nor should it. That being said, it is important to countless citizens to be open when it comes to immigration, while keeping the country hospitable to its citizens for generations to come. However, this attitude to immigration is a fairly recent phenomenon in American history, especially in regards to immigrants coming in from non-Western European countries. With the introductionRead MoreSocial And Academic Performance Of Undocumented Mexican Women Essay1014 Words   |  5 PagesFor my research, I propose a literature analysis of feelings of guilt, anxiety and sense of separation from social inclusion and the family of undocumented Mexican women in contemporary period. In my research I plan to address the following questions: What propels gu ilt, anxiety and sense of separation in undocumented Mexican women, specially undocumented female Mexican students? How does intersectionalities and the Critical Race Theory play a role to address this issues? How does immigration patternRead More Arturo Islas Migrant Souls: The Lonely Effects of Assimilation1213 Words   |  5 PagesThe Lonely Effects of Assimilation The Europeans who claimed what was to become America chose to integrate the lands present inhabitants and future immigrants in order to become the dominating race and, consequently, made other cultures feel inferior to their own. The Angel family, Mexican-Indian immigrants and the subject of Arturo Islas Migrant Souls, becomes victim to the Americans forceful demands for conformity. While Sancho, the father, never complains about assimilation, yet never becomesRead MoreAn Analysis Of Ruth Gomberg Munoz s Labor And Legality : An Ethnography Of A Mexican Immigrant Network1444 Words   |  6 PagesEmic Analysis of Culture In Ruth Gomberg-Muà ±oz’s book, Labor and Legality: An Ethnography of a Mexican Immigrant Network, she allows us to enter the everyday lives of ten undocumented Mexican workers all living in the Chicago area. Ruth Gomberg-Muà ±oz refers to Chuy, Alejandro, Leonardo, Luis, Manuel, Omar, Rene, Roberto, Lalo, and Albert the ten undocumented Mexicans as the â€Å"Lions†. This book shares the Lions many stories from, their daily struggle of living as an undocumented immigrant in America, toRead MoreSafety Or Opportunity? By Donald Trump1715 Words   |  7 Pagesmillions of Hispanic immigrants are faced with the agonizing question of do they leave America to go back to Mexico and safety or do they fight for the right to live in America, the home of opportunity? In fact there are more than 11.7 million Mexican immigrants in the United States (â€Å"Mexican Immigrants in the United States†, 2016) who are potentially faced with this question. With this prominent concer n, a plethora of news articles such as: â€Å"Stay Calm† Mexico Tells Immigrants Living in the US anRead MoreThe Mistreatment of Mexicans Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesThe Mistreatment of Mexicans Americans take many things for granted. For the majority of the population, life is relatively mild. People are normally not rich, but not poor, not ecstatically happy, but not too depressed either. One might say that the population generally has it easy, as compared to a large percentage of the rest of the world. It is for this reason that a great many people from other countries immigrate here. They are seeking a better life. Often, however, they get mistreatedRead MoreTheu.s. Is A Unique And Special Country1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe fact that some Mexicans send money back to Mexico to their families causes Americans to speculate and, as a result, believe that they are too unattached to the pride that they should have while living in this country because of their close ties still with Mexico. In contrast to that, eighty percent said in the survey that, if they had to go through the process of immigration all over again, they would because â€Å"the U.S. is a unique and s pecial country† (Farkas). Based on that high percentage alone

Monday, May 11, 2020

The Ancient History of Making Olive Oil

Olive oil is, essentially, a fruit juice made from olives. Olives were likely first domesticated in the Mediterranean basin some 6,000 years ago or so. It is thought that oil from the olive was one of several attributes that likely made the bitter fruit attractive enough to result in its domestication. However, the production of olive oil, that is to say, the deliberate pressing of oil out of olives  is currently documented no earlier than ~2500 BCE. Olive oil is a fruit juice made from olives.  First used as lamp fuel and in religious ceremonies in the Mediterranean about 2500 BCE.  First used in cooking at least as long ago as 5th-4th century BCE.  Three grades of olive oil are manufactured: extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), ordinary virgin olive oil, and pomace-olive oil (OPO). EVOO is the highest quality and the one most often fraudulently labeled.   Olive oil was used anciently for a  variety of purposes, including lamp fuel, pharmaceutical ointment, and in rituals for anointing royalty, warriors, and other important people. The term messiah, used in many Mediterranean-based religions, means the anointed one, perhaps (but of course, not necessarily) referring to an olive oil-based ritual. Cooking with olive oil may not have been a purpose for the original domesticators, but that began at least as long ago as the 5th–4th century BCE. Making Olive Oil Making olive oil involved (and still does) several stages of crushing and rinsing to extract the oil. The olives were harvested by hand or by beating the fruit off the trees. The olives were then washed and crushed to remove the pits. The remaining pulp was placed into woven bags or baskets, and the baskets themselves were then pressed. Hot water was poured over the pressed bags to wash out any remaining oil, and the dregs of the pulp was washed away. The liquid from the pressed bags was drawn into a reservoir where the oil was left to settle and separate. Then the oil was drawn off, by skimming the oil off by hand or with the use of a ladle; by opening a stoppered hole at the bottom of the reservoir tank; or by allowing the water to drain off from a channel at the top of the reservoir. In cold weather, a bit of salt was added to speed the separation process. After the oil was separated, the oil was again allowed to settle in vats made for that purpose, and then separated again. Olive Press Machinery Roman olive presses in the city of Sufetula, Tunisia. CM Dixon/Print Collector/Getty Images Artifacts found at archaeological sites associated with making oil include milling stones, decantation basins and storage vessels such as mass-produced amphorae with olive plant residues. Historical documentation in the form of frescoes and ancient papyri have also been found at sites throughout the Mediterranean Bronze Age, and production techniques and uses of olive oil are recorded in the classical manuscripts of Pliny the Elder and Vitruvius. Several olive press machines were devised by the Mediterranean Romans and Greeks to mechanize the pressing process, and are called variously trapetum, mola molearia, canallis et solea, torcular, prelum, and tudicula. These machines were all similar and used levers and counterweights to increase the pressure on the baskets, to extract as much oil as possible. Traditional presses can generate about 50 gallons (200 liters) of oil and 120 gal (450 li) of amurca from one ton of olives. Amurca: Olive Oil Byproducts The leftover water from the milling process is called amurca in Latin and amorge in Greek, and it is a watery, bitter-tasting, smelly, liquid residue. This liquid was collected from a central depression in the settling vats. Amurca, which had and has a bitter taste and an even worse smell, was discarded along with the dregs. Then and today, amurca is a serious pollutant, with a high mineral salt content, low pH and the presence of phenols. However, in the Roman period, it was said to have had several uses. When spread on surfaces, amurca forms a hard finish; when boiled it can be used to grease axles, belts, shoes, and hides. It is edible by animals and was used to treat malnutrition in livestock. It was prescribed to treat wounds, ulcers, dropsy, erysipelas, gout, and chilblains. According to some ancient texts, amurca was used in moderate amounts as a fertilizer or pesticide, repressing insects, weeds, and even voles. Amurca was also used to make plaster, particularly applied to the floors of granaries, where it hardened and kept out mud and the pest species. It was also used to seal olive jars, improve the burning of firewood and, added to laundry, could help protect clothing from moths. Industrialization The Romans are responsible for bringing about a significant increase in olive oil production beginning between 200 BCE and 200 CE. Olive oil production became semi-industrialized at sites such as Hendek Kale in Turkey, Byzacena in Tunisia and Tripolitania, in Libya, where 750 separate olive oil production sites have been identified. Estimates of oil production during the Roman era are that up to 30 million liters (8 million gallons) per year was produced in Tripolitania, and up to 10.5 million gal  (40 million li) in Byzacena. Plutarch reports that Caesar forced Tripolitanias inhabitants to pay a tribute of 250,000 gals (1 million li) in 46 BCE. Oileries are also reported from the first and second centuries AD in the Guadalquivir valley of Andalusia in Spain, where average annual yields were estimated at between 5 and 26 million gal (20 and 100 million li). Archaeological investigations at Monte Testaccio recovered evidence suggesting that Rome imported approximately 6.5 billion liters of olive oil over the period of 260 years. What Is EVOO? Olive oil production in 2018, in the Berber mountain village of Toujane, Tunisia. A blinded donkey is moving an edge mill to crush olives. Thierry Monasse/Getty Images There are three different grades of olive oil made and marketed, from the high-quality extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) to medium-quality ordinary virgin olive oil, to low-quality olive-pomace oil (OPO). EVOO is obtained by direct pressing or centrifugation of the olives. Its acidity can be no greater than 1 percent; if it is processed when the temperature of the olives is below 30 °C (86 °F) it is called cold-pressed.   Olive oils with between 1 and 3 percent acidity are known as ordinary virgin oils, but anything greater than 3 percent is refined, by accepted chemical solvents, and those oils can also be fairly marketed as ordinary.   Lower Quality Oils and Fraud Pomace is one of the main byproducts of the pressing process; it is a conglomeration of skin, pulp, pieces of kernels, and some oil left over when the first processing is completed, but the oil undergoes rapid deterioration due to the moisture content. Refined OPO is obtained by extracting the remaining oil using chemical solvents and a refining process, then it is improved with the addition of virgin oil to obtain OPO.   Many of the common manufacturers of olive oil practice the fraudulent mislabeling of olive oils. Since EVOO is the most expensive, it is the most often mislabeled. Mislabeling often concerns the geographic origin or oil variety of olive oil, but EVOO which has been adulterated by the addition of cheaper oils is not EVOO anymore, despite its being labeled as such. The most common adulterants in mislabeled virgin olive oils are refined olive oil, OPO, synthetic oil-glycerol products, seed oils (such as sunflower, soy, maize, and rapeseed), and nut oils (such as peanut or hazelnut). Scientists are working on methods of detection of the mislabeled olive oils, but such methods have not been made widely available.   Once someone tries a real extra virgin—an adult or a child, anybody with taste buds—theyll never go back to the fake kind. Its distinctive, complex, the freshest thing youve ever eaten. It makes you realize how rotten the other stuff is, literally rotten.  Tom Mueller Sources: Capurso, Antonio, Gaetano Crepaldi, and Cristiano Capurso. Extra-Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO): History and Chemical Composition. Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet in the Elderly Patient. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. 11–21. Print.Foley, Brendan P., et al. Aspects of Ancient Greek Trade Re-Evaluated with Amphora DNA Evidence. Journal of Archaeological Science 39.2 (2012): 389–98. Print.Guimet, Francesca, Joan Ferrà ©, and Ricard Boquà ©. Rapid Detection of Olive–Pomace Oil Adulteration in Extra Virgin Olive Oils from the Protected Denomination of Origin â€Å"Siurana† Using Excitation–Emission Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Three-Way Methods of Analysis. Analytica Chimica Acta 544.1 (2005): 143–52. Print.Kapellakis, Iosif, Konstantinos Tsagarakis, and John Crowther. Olive Oil History, Production and by-Product Management. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology 7.1 (2008): 1–26. Print.Mueller, Tom. Extra Virgini ty: The Sublime and Scandalous World of Olive Oil. New York: W.W. Norton, 2012. Print.Niaounakis, Michael. Olive-Mill Wastewater in Antiquity. Environmental Effects and Applications. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 30.4 (2011): 411–25. Print.Rojas-Sola, Josà © Ignacio, Miguel Castro-Garcà ­a, and Marà ­a del Pilar Carranza-Caà ±adas. Contribution of Historical Spanish Inventions to the Knowledge of Olive Oil Industrial Heritage. Journal of Cultural Heritage 13.3 (2012): 285–92. Print.Vossen, Paul. Olive Oil: History, Production, and Characteristics of the Worlds Classic Oils. Horticultural Science 42.5 (2007): 1093–100. Print.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Personal Narrative My First Rendezvous With Computer...

STATEMENT OF PURPOSE â€Å"The more I read, the more I acquire, the more certain I am that I know nothing†. These words by Voltaire, describe my first rendezvous with Computer Science when I entered the computer lab in my 3rd grade at school. Simple commands making a turtle move on the screen in the LOGO programming environment amazed me. I thought about the different permutations that could create something new each time. Little did I know that this subject would transform into an in-depth interest and change the lives of people all over the world as daily life problems could be converted into a few lines of code through an underlying logic. Understanding this logic requires me to understand various technologies, their potentials and their drawbacks as ten to fifteen years down the line of my career I see myself as an entrepreneur. I believe that a Masters in Computer Science would hone my skills and help me to effectuate my dream. Maths, Physics and Computer Science were my favourite subjects in high school and this coupled interest kept me a step ahead of everyone else. The immense satisfaction that automating a problem yields, led me to opt for Computer Science as my major. I worked with innate tenacity and secured an All India Rank among top 1% that got me admitted to HBTI Kanpur, one of the oldest and prestigious colleges in India. The curriculum exposed me to several courses and I developed a fervent interest in Data Structures, Object Oriented Programming andShow MoreRelatedCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 PagesYour lecturer or tutor will determine the specific approach you take. The approach we are presenting to you is a moderately structured framework. We divide our discussion of a moderately structured case analysis method framework into four sections. First, we describe the importance of understanding the skills active learners can acquire through effective use of the case analysis method. In the second section, we provide you with a process-oriented framework. This framework can be of value in your efforts